RTC DS1307 antwortet nicht trotz richtiger Adresse

[Technik_Amateur]

Hallo liebes Forum,

ich versuche schon länger eine RTC (ein fertiges Modul -> I2C DS1307 wirklich Zeit Uhr Modul für Arduino Tiny RTC) mit einem Atmega1284p-pu über I2C auszulesen bzw erstmal zu stellen.
Da es nicht auf Anhieb mit der TWI_Master lib funktioniert hat, habe ich mit einem Oszi mal die SDA und SCL Leitungen gemessen und deren Daten ausgelesen. Ich konnte feststellen das er die Start condition und die richtige Adresse ( 0x68 ) anspricht und anschließend das Write-Bit sendet. Danach soll ein Acknolage von der RTC kommen doch ich bekomme immer ein Not-Acknolage. Woran könnte es liegen das die Uhr nicht antwortet?

Hier mein Code:

#define F_CPU 8000000UL
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#include "lcd-routines.h"
#include "General.h"
#include "TWI_Master.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <util/twi.h>
#include "ADC.h"
#include "BinToDez.h"

int main(void)
{	
        uint8_t	SlaveAddress = 0x68;
	int8_t	seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, year, control;
	int8_t	sekunden, minuten, stunden, tag, monat, jahr;
	uint8_t	i=0;
        char		sekunden_string[2], minuten_string[2], stunden_string[2];
	char		tag_string[2], monat_string[2], jahr_string[2];

        TWIM_Init (100000);			// Initiate TWI Master with bitrate of 100000 Hz
	lcd_init();					//LCD initialisieren

        if (PINB & 0x01)
		{
							
			cli();			//Interrupts global ausschalten
			lcd_clear(); 	//Display löschen
			lcd_home();	//Coursor an den Anfang setzen
			
			//RTC Einstellen (einmalig)
			
			if (!TWIM_Start (SlaveAddress, TWIM_WRITE))
			{
				TWIM_Stop ();
			}
			else
			{
				TWIM_Write (0b00000000);	//Register-Pointer
				TWIM_Write (0b00000000);	//sec
				TWIM_Write (0b01001000);	//min
				TWIM_Write (0b00011001);	//stunde
				TWIM_Write (0b00000011);	//wochentag
				TWIM_Write (0b00000101);	//tag
				TWIM_Write (0b00010110);	//Monat
				TWIM_Write (0b00011001);	//jahr
				TWIM_Write (0b00000000);	//control
				TWIM_Stop ();
				_delay_ms(1000);
				
			}
			
			for (i = 0; i <=12; i++)
			{
			
				if (!TWIM_Start (SlaveAddress, TWIM_READ))
				{
					TWIM_Stop ();
				}
				else
				{
					seconds = TWIM_ReadAck ();
					minutes = TWIM_ReadAck ();
					hours = TWIM_ReadAck ();
					day = TWIM_ReadAck ();
					date = TWIM_ReadAck ();
					month = TWIM_ReadAck ();
					year = TWIM_ReadAck ();
					control = TWIM_ReadNack ();
					TWIM_Stop ();
					_delay_ms(1000);
					
				}
				sekunden = BinToDez(seconds);		//kann eventuell weg durch sprintf!!!
				sprintf(sekunden_string,"%d",sekunden);
				minuten = BinToDez(minutes);
				sprintf(minuten_string,"%d",minuten);
				stunden = BinToDez(hours);
				sprintf(stunden_string,"%d",stunden);
				tag = BinToDez(date);
				sprintf(tag_string,"%d",tag);
				monat = BinToDez(month);
				sprintf(monat_string,"%d",monat);
				jahr = BinToDez(year);
				sprintf(jahr_string,"%d",jahr);
			
				//Uhrzeit ausgeben
				
				lcd_string("Uhr: ");
				lcd_string(stunden_string);
				lcd_string(":");
				lcd_string(minuten_string);
				lcd_string(":");
				lcd_string(sekunden_string);
			
				//Nächste Zeile im LCD
			
				lcd_setcursor( 0, 2 );
			
				//Datum ausgeben
			
				lcd_string("Datum:");
				lcd_string(tag_string);
				lcd_string(".");
				lcd_string(monat_string);
				lcd_string(".20");
				lcd_string(jahr_string);
				
				_delay_ms(250);		//500ms warten
				lcd_home();			//LCD-coursor and Starposition setzen
								//Interrupts global an
			}
              }
}

Bitte um Hilfe.

Gruß

Technik_Amateur

[Dirk]

Hi,
ich denke, vor dem Lesen der Daten muss man mit einem Schreibbefehl die Registeradresse, ab der man lesen will, senden.
Also ich würde vor dem Lesen einmal die 0 (Sekundenregister) an die Slaveadresse senden und dann erst lesen.

[Technik_Amateur]

Hi Dirk,
Danke für deine Antwort. Jedoch scheitere ich schon beim Schreiben (stellen der Uhr). Wenn ich die Uhr nicht stellen kann, bringt mir das auslesen nicht viel. Oder kann es sein, dass die Uhr erst einmal ausgelesen werden muss, um initialisiert zu werden?

Gruß

Technik_Amateur

[oberallgeier]

... 
            if (!TWIM_Start (SlaveAddress, TWIM_WRITE))
            {
                TWIM_Stop ();
            }
            else
            {
                TWIM_Write (0b00000000);    //Register-Pointer
                TWIM_Write (0b00000000);    //sec
                TWIM_Write (0b01001000);    //min
                TWIM_Write (0b00011001);    //stunde
                TWIM_Write (0b00000011);    //wochentag
                TWIM_Write (0b00000101);    //tag
                TWIM_Write (0b00010110);    //Monat
                TWIM_Write (0b00011001);    //jahr
                TWIM_Write (0b00000000);    //control
                TWIM_Stop ();
                _delay_ms(1000);
                
            }

... scheitere ich schon beim Schreiben (stellen der Uhr) ...

Wie wärs, wenn Du uns auch mal Deinen Code zum Schreiben/Lesen per I²C zeigst. Ich fürchte, dass da ein (DER?) Hund begraben liegt. Bei mir sehen z.B. die Schreib-/Lesebefehle so aus (Beispiel - läuft *gg*):

/** defines the data direction (writing to I2C device) in i2c_start(),i2c_rep_start() */
#define I2C_WRITE   0
/** defines the data direction (reading from I2C device) in i2c_start(),i2c_rep_start() */
#define I2C_READ    1
// - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
//      Lesen vom Slave     
    if(!(i2c_start(SLAVE_MoCo+I2C_WRITE))) //Slave bereit zum schreiben/lesen?
    {                                   //
// - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      i2c_start(SLAVE_MoCo+I2C_WRITE);  // Slave bereit zum schreiben/lesen?
      i2cdmy = i2c_write(0x00);         // Buffer Startadresse 0 zum Auslesen
      i2c_stop();                       //
      i2cdmy = i2c_start(SLAVE_MoCo+I2C_READ); // <<<### Lesen beginnen
      btst1  = i2c_read (ACK);          // 1. von 5 Bytes lesen...
      btst2  = i2c_read (ACK);          //
      btst3  = i2c_read (ACK);          // 
      btst4  = i2c_read (ACK);          //
      btst5  = i2c_read (NAK);          // letztes Byte lesen, darum NAK
      i2c_stop();                       // Zugriff beenden
    }                                   //
    else                                // Wenn Fehler, dann nelde jetzt:
    {                                   //    Lesefehler, dazu Fehlerblinken
      uputs0("\r\n\tKein Lesen möglich.\r\n");     //
      i2cerr      = 0b00000001;         // i2c-read nicht möglich
      for(i=0; i<2; i++)  {             // Fehlermeldung : LED i-fach blinken
        SetBit(PORTC, 2);               // LED EIN, HELL
        waitms(3);                      //
        ClrBit(PORTC, 2);               // LED AUS, Dunkel
        waitms(47);       }     // Ende for(i=0; i<..; i++) ==> LED ist AUS AUS
    }                   // Ende if(!(i2c_start(SLAVE_MoCo+I2C_WRITE)))
// - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Und !!! denk bitte dran, gelesen wird bei I²C immer von der ungraden Adresse . . . und natürlich wie Dirk schreibt, müsste dem Controller mitgegeben werden wo >vom Target< er denn lesen soll.

RTC DS1307 antwortet nicht trotz richtiger Adresse

Denn es sind immer ZWEI Adressen und Write ist nur die gerade Adresse.

[Technik_Amateur]

Ok also hier sind die 3 Datein, die ich zum I2C-beutzen verwende:

TWI_Master.h

/*******************************************************
 Author:					Manfred Langemann
 mailto:					Manfred.Langemann ät t-online.de
 Begin of project:			04.01.2008
 Latest version generated:	04.01.2008
 Filename:					TWI_Master.h
 Description:    			TWI Master functions include file

 ********************************************************/
#ifndef _TWIM
#define _TWIM

#define TWIM_READ    1
#define TWIM_WRITE   0

uint8_t	TWIM_Init (uint32_t TWI_Bitrate);
uint8_t TWIM_Start (uint8_t address, uint8_t TWIM_Type);
void	TWIM_Stop (void);
uint8_t	TWIM_Write (uint8_t byte);
uint8_t	TWIM_ReadAck (void);
uint8_t	TWIM_ReadNack (void);

#endif

TWI_Master.c

/*******************************************************
 Author:					Manfred Langemann
 mailto:					Manfred.Langemann ät t-online.de
 Begin of project:			04.01.2008
 Latest version generated:	04.01.2008
 Filename:					TWI_Master.c
 Description:    			TWI Master functions

 Master code adapted form Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch>
 http://jump.to/fleury
 --------------------------------------------------------
 Program Example
 --------------------------------------------------------

int main (void)
	{
	uint8_t		i=0;
	uint8_t		j=0;
	uint8_t		Data[8];
	uint8_t		SlaveAddress = 15;

// Clear any interrupt
	cli ();

// Wait 1 second for POR
	Delay_ms (1000);

// Initiate RS232
	RS232_Init ();
	printf ("Hello world...\n");

// Initiate TWI Master with bitrate of 100000 Hz
	TWIM_Init (100000);

// Endless loop
	while (1)
		{
// Read byte(s) from the slave.
// It is implicitely assumed, that the slave will send
// 8 bytes.
    	if (!TWIM_Start (SlaveAddress, TWIM_READ))
			{
			TWIM_Stop ();
			printf ("Could not start TWI Bus for READ\n");
	    	}
		else
			{
			for (i=0;i<7;i++)
				{
	        	Data[i] = TWIM_ReadAck ();
				}
        	Data[7] = TWIM_ReadNack ();
			printf ("Reading Byte %d: %d\n", i, Data[i]);
			TWIM_Stop ();
			Delay_ms (1000);
			}

// Write byte(s) to the slave.
// It is implicitely assumed, that the slave will
// accepts 8 bytes

    	if (!TWIM_Start (SlaveAddress, TWIM_WRITE))
			{
			TWIM_Stop ();
			printf ("Could not start TWI Bus for WRITE\n");
	    	}
		else
			{
			for (i=0;i<8;i++)
				{
	        	TWIM_Write (j++);
				printf ("Byte %d sent\n", j);
				}
			TWIM_Stop ();
			Delay_ms (1000);
			}

// Do something else
		i++;
		}

	return 0;
	}

 ********************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#define F_CPU 8000000UL				//auf 8MHz stellen? 1Mhz vllt zu langsam? 
									//bei 1Mhz =-3 -> false, bei 8Mhz = 32 -> true!
/*uint8_t TWIM_Init(uint32_t TWI_Bitrate)  //uint8_t TWIM_Init (uint32_t TWI_Bitrate)
{

** Set TWI bitrate
** If bitrate is too high, then error return
*//*
TWBR = ((F_CPU/TWI_Bitrate)-16)/2;
if (TWBR < 11) return FALSE;

return TRUE;
}*/
#include "General.h"
#include "TWI_Master.h"

/****************************************************************************
  TWI State codes
****************************************************************************/
// General TWI Master staus codes                      
#define TWI_START					0x08  // START has been transmitted  
#define TWI_REP_START				0x10  // Repeated START has been transmitted
#define TWI_ARB_LOST				0x38  // Arbitration lost

// TWI Master Transmitter staus codes                      
#define TWI_MTX_ADR_ACK				0x18  // SLA+W has been tramsmitted and ACK received
#define TWI_MTX_ADR_NACK			0x20  // SLA+W has been tramsmitted and NACK received 
#define TWI_MTX_DATA_ACK			0x28  // Data byte has been tramsmitted and ACK received
#define TWI_MTX_DATA_NACK			0x30  // Data byte has been tramsmitted and NACK received 

// TWI Master Receiver staus codes  
#define TWI_MRX_ADR_ACK				0x40  // SLA+R has been tramsmitted and ACK received
#define TWI_MRX_ADR_NACK			0x48  // SLA+R has been tramsmitted and NACK received
#define TWI_MRX_DATA_ACK			0x50  // Data byte has been received and ACK tramsmitted
#define TWI_MRX_DATA_NACK			0x58  // Data byte has been received and NACK tramsmitted

// TWI Slave Transmitter staus codes
#define TWI_STX_ADR_ACK				0xA8  // Own SLA+R has been received; ACK has been returned
#define TWI_STX_ADR_ACK_M_ARB_LOST	0xB0  // Arbitration lost in SLA+R/W as Master; own SLA+R has been received; ACK has been returned
#define TWI_STX_DATA_ACK			0xB8  // Data byte in TWDR has been transmitted; ACK has been received
#define TWI_STX_DATA_NACK			0xC0  // Data byte in TWDR has been transmitted; NOT ACK has been received
#define TWI_STX_DATA_ACK_LAST_BYTE	0xC8  // Last data byte in TWDR has been transmitted (TWEA = “0”); ACK has been received

// TWI Slave Receiver staus codes
#define TWI_SRX_ADR_ACK				0x60  // Own SLA+W has been received ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_ADR_ACK_M_ARB_LOST	0x68  // Arbitration lost in SLA+R/W as Master; own SLA+W has been received; ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_GEN_ACK				0x70  // General call address has been received; ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_GEN_ACK_M_ARB_LOST	0x78  // Arbitration lost in SLA+R/W as Master; General call address has been received; ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_ADR_DATA_ACK		0x80  // Previously addressed with own SLA+W; data has been received; ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_ADR_DATA_NACK		0x88  // Previously addressed with own SLA+W; data has been received; NOT ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_GEN_DATA_ACK		0x90  // Previously addressed with general call; data has been received; ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_GEN_DATA_NACK		0x98  // Previously addressed with general call; data has been received; NOT ACK has been returned
#define TWI_SRX_STOP_RESTART		0xA0  // A STOP condition or repeated START condition has been received while still addressed as Slave

// TWI Miscellaneous status codes
#define TWI_NO_STATE				0xF8  // No relevant state information available; TWINT = “0”
#define TWI_BUS_ERROR				0x00  // Bus error due to an illegal START or STOP condition

/*******************************************************
 Public Function: TWIM_Init

 Purpose: Initialise the TWI Master Interface

 Input Parameter:
 	- uint16_t	TWI_Bitrate (Hz)

 Return Value: uint8_t
 	- FALSE:	Bitrate too high
 	- TRUE:		Bitrate OK

*******************************************************/
uint8_t TWIM_Init(uint32_t TWI_Bitrate)  //uint8_t TWIM_Init (uint32_t TWI_Bitrate)
	{
/*
** Set TWI bitrate
** If bitrate is too high, then error return
*/
	TWBR = ((F_CPU/TWI_Bitrate)-16)/2;
	if (TWBR < 11) return FALSE;

	return TRUE;
	}
/*******************************************************
 Public Function: TWIM_Start

 Purpose: Start the TWI Master Interface

 Input Parameter:
 	- uint8_t	Device address
 	- uint8_t	Type of required Operation:
				TWIM_READ: Read data from the slave
				TWIM_WRITE: Write data to the slave

 Return Value: uint8_t
  	- TRUE:		OK, TWI Master accessible
 	- FALSE:	Error in starting TWI Master

*******************************************************/
uint8_t TWIM_Start (uint8_t Address, uint8_t TWIM_Type)
	{
	uint8_t		twst;
/*
** Send START condition
*/
	TWCR = (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWSTA)|(1<<TWEN);
/*
** Wait until transmission completed
*/
	while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
/*
** Check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
*/
	twst = TWSR & 0xF8;
	if ((twst != TWI_START) && (twst != TWI_REP_START)) return FALSE;
/*
** Send device address
*/
	TWDR = (Address<<1) + TWIM_Type;
	TWCR = (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN);
/*
** Wait until transmission completed and ACK/NACK has been received
*/
	while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
/*
** Check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits.
*/
	twst = TWSR & 0xF8;
	if ((twst != TWI_MTX_ADR_ACK) && (twst != TWI_MRX_ADR_ACK)) return FALSE;

	return TRUE;
	}
/*******************************************************
 Public Function: TWIM_Stop

 Purpose: Stop the TWI Master

 Input Parameter: None

 Return Value: None

*******************************************************/
void TWIM_Stop (void)
	{
/*
** Send stop condition
*/
	TWCR = (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN)|(1<<TWSTO);
/*
** Wait until stop condition is executed and bus released
*/
	while (TWCR & (1<<TWINT));
	}
/*******************************************************
 Public Function: TWIM_Write

 Purpose: Write a byte to the slave

 Input Parameter:
 	- uint8_t	Byte to be sent

 Return Value: uint8_t
  	- TRUE:		OK, Byte sent
 	- FALSE:	Error in byte transmission

*******************************************************/
uint8_t TWIM_Write (uint8_t byte)
	{
	uint8_t   twst;
/*
** Send data to the previously addressed device
*/
	TWDR = byte;
	TWCR = (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN);
/*
** Wait until transmission completed
*/
	while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
/*
** Check value of TWI Status Register. Mask prescaler bits
*/
	twst = TWSR & 0xF8;
	if (twst != TWI_MTX_DATA_ACK) return 1;

	return 0;
	}
/*******************************************************
 Public Function: TWIM_ReadAck

 Purpose: Read a byte from the slave and request next byte

 Input Parameter: None

 Return Value: uint8_t
  	- uint8_t	Read byte

*******************************************************/
uint8_t TWIM_ReadAck (void)
	{
	TWCR = (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN)|(1<<TWEA);
	while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));    

	return TWDR;
	}
/*******************************************************
 Public Function: TWIM_ReadAck

 Purpose: Read the last byte from the slave

 Input Parameter: None

 Return Value: uint8_t
  	- uint8_t	Read byte

*******************************************************/
uint8_t TWIM_ReadNack (void)
	{
	TWCR = (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN);
	while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
	
	return TWDR;
	}

Und die dazugehörige General.h

#ifndef _General

#define _General

#define	TRUE	1
#define	FALSE	0
/*
** Here are some deinitions, used in all programs
*/
#define SYSCLOCK				8000000	// Quarz Frequenz in Hz


#define SET_BIT(PORT, BITNUM)	((PORT) |= (1<<(BITNUM)))
#define CLEAR_BIT(PORT, BITNUM) ((PORT) &= ~(1<<(BITNUM)))
#define TOOGLE_BIT(PORT,BITNUM) ((PORT) ^= (1<<(BITNUM)))


struct BitsOfByte 
	{
	uint8_t b0:1;
	uint8_t b1:1;
	uint8_t b2:1;
	uint8_t b3:1;
	uint8_t b4:1;
	uint8_t b5:1;
	uint8_t b6:1;
	uint8_t b7:1;
	} __attribute__((__packed__));


#define SBIT(port,pin) ((*(volatile struct BitsOfByte*)&port).b##pin)

#endif

Gruß

Technik_Amatuer

[Technik_Amateur]

Kann mir keiner helfen?

Gruß

Technik_Amateur

[sternst]

... die richtige Adresse ( 0x68 ) ...

    uint8_t        SlaveAddress = 15;

???

[Technik_Amateur]

Das ist nur ein Beispiel, wie man diese lib verwendet. Sie ist auskommentiert. Meine Adress ist 0x68.

uint8_t	SlaveAddress = 0x68;

Gruß

Technik_Amateur